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The Olympic idea
Description
It is hardly surprising that in the midst of his combat with Grousset, de Coubertin felt the need once again to revitalize himself on foreign soil, this time in the United States. Because of the Grousset campaign, he wrote: 'I wanted to enlarge the circle of models to follow; there were also some across the ocean and, if a crisis of educational Anglophobia was befalling us in France, we had at least the youth of the United States to provide as an example to our own.' [ 1] While it was true enough, as he went on to claim, that few Frenchmen cared about the doings of the American universities at the time, broad interest in the US was apparent in Parisian circles. [2] Boutmy, for one, had passed on from his English studies to an equal obsession with writing about the USA, and many of the Le
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Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
Whence 776? The Origin of the Date for the First Olympiad
Description
This essay explores the origin of the date of 776 bc for the first Olympiad. That date was established by Hippias of Elis c.400 bc when he compiled the first complete list of Olympic victors. Contrary to what one might expect, Hippias did not arrive at the date of 776 on the basis of written records pertaining to the Olympics or to Olympic victors. Instead, he calculated the date of the first Olympiad by associating that Olympiad with a famous Spartan lawgiver named Lycurgus, who was a member of one of the Spartan royal families and who was believed to have helped organize the Olympic Games. Hippias used a list of Spartan kings to determine the number of generations between his own time and that of Lycurgus. He then assigned a fixed number of years to each generation and ended up with a da
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Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
Whence 776? The Origin of the Date for the First Olympiad
Description
This essay explores the origin of the date of 776 bc for the first Olympiad. That date was established by Hippias of Elis c.400 bc when he compiled the first complete list of Olympic victors. Contrary to what one might expect, Hippias did not arrive at the date of 776 on the basis of written records pertaining to the Olympics or to Olympic victors. Instead, he calculated the date of the first Olympiad by associating that Olympiad with a famous Spartan lawgiver named Lycurgus, who was a member of one of the Spartan royal families and who was believed to have helped organize the Olympic Games. Hippias used a list of Spartan kings to determine the number of generations between his own time and that of Lycurgus. He then assigned a fixed number of years to each generation and ended up with a da
License
Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
The Olympic idea
Description
It is hardly surprising that in the midst of his combat with Grousset, de Coubertin felt the need once again to revitalize himself on foreign soil, this time in the United States. Because of the Grousset campaign, he wrote: 'I wanted to enlarge the circle of models to follow; there were also some across the ocean and, if a crisis of educational Anglophobia was befalling us in France, we had at least the youth of the United States to provide as an example to our own.' [ 1] While it was true enough, as he went on to claim, that few Frenchmen cared about the doings of the American universities at the time, broad interest in the US was apparent in Parisian circles. [2] Boutmy, for one, had passed on from his English studies to an equal obsession with writing about the USA, and many of the Le
License
Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
THE YOUTH OLYMPIC GAMES
Description
In 2007, the IOC passed a motion to create a dynamic and exciting sports event aimed specifically at the youth of the world.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
–2012): origins, evolution and projections
Description
The Olympic Games is recognised worldwide as the largest sports mega-event - certainly, the event attracting the largest amount of media coverage globally. As well as a sports event, the Olympics are a cultural phenomenon, with a history spanning more than 100 years and supported by a global network of organisations with an educational and intercultural remit that defines itself as a Movement and aspires to promote Olympism as a 'philosophy of life', headed by the International Olympic Committee. What is less known is that the Games also incorporate 100 years of Olympic cultural and arts programming and that such experience is playing a growing role defining or contributing to respective host cities' cultural policies. This paper offers an overview of the cultural dimension of the Olymp
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Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
‘Knowns’ of Sports Mega-Events
Description
This article uses a piece of writing in The Guardian newspaper by the philosopher Slavoj Zizek ('The empty wheelbarrow', 19 February, p. 23, 2005) about the former US Defence Secretary, Donald Rumsfeld, as a framework by which to reflect critically on major international sporting events, or sports mega-events. It suggests that it is an academic's duty to look critically at the assumptions, beliefs and misrepresentations that are often suppressed, or, perhaps more accurately, repressed, about sports mega-events. The article is based on an analysis of research and writing about sports mega-events, some of which offer more comprehensive reviews of the literature. It is argued that in their enthusiasm to host and support sports 'megas', politicians, senior administrators of sport, corpora
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Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
Manly Displays: Exhibitions and the Revival of the Olympic Games
Description
This article explores the shift from international exhibitions to the Modern Olympic Games as the preferred site for the public performance of manly character. As fin-de-siecle European and American societies increasingly grew concerned about the waning vitality of men and the individual's marginalization in a mechanized world, they sought out a new form of mass spectacle. National tensions grew that would eventually lead to WWI, and citizenry previously enraptured by the displays of state-directed competition at the international exhibitions were attracted to a venue in which the performance and effort of the individual was the central focus. The Games, particularly in the emergence of the marathon as the showcase event, became the preferred location for the performance of active masculi
License
Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
Manly Displays: Exhibitions and the Revival of the Olympic Games
Description
This article explores the shift from international exhibitions to the Modern Olympic Games as the preferred site for the public performance of manly character. As fin-de-siecle European and American societies increasingly grew concerned about the waning vitality of men and the individual's marginalization in a mechanized world, they sought out a new form of mass spectacle. National tensions grew that would eventually lead to WWI, and citizenry previously enraptured by the displays of state-directed competition at the international exhibitions were attracted to a venue in which the performance and effort of the individual was the central focus. The Games, particularly in the emergence of the marathon as the showcase event, became the preferred location for the performance of active masculi
License
Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
?2012): origins, evolution and projections
Description
The Olympic Games is recognised worldwide as the largest sports mega-event - certainly, the event attracting the largest amount of media coverage globally. As well as a sports event, the Olympics are a cultural phenomenon, with a history spanning more than 100 years and supported by a global network of organisations with an educational and intercultural remit that defines itself as a Movement and aspires to promote Olympism as a 'philosophy of life', headed by the International Olympic Committee. What is less known is that the Games also incorporate 100 years of Olympic cultural and arts programming and that such experience is playing a growing role defining or contributing to respective host cities' cultural policies. This paper offers an overview of the cultural dimension of the Olymp
License
Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
?Knowns? of Sports Mega-Events
Description
This article uses a piece of writing in The Guardian newspaper by the philosopher Slavoj Zizek ('The empty wheelbarrow', 19 February, p. 23, 2005) about the former US Defence Secretary, Donald Rumsfeld, as a framework by which to reflect critically on major international sporting events, or sports mega-events. It suggests that it is an academic's duty to look critically at the assumptions, beliefs and misrepresentations that are often suppressed, or, perhaps more accurately, repressed, about sports mega-events. The article is based on an analysis of research and writing about sports mega-events, some of which offer more comprehensive reviews of the literature. It is argued that in their enthusiasm to host and support sports 'megas', politicians, senior administrators of sport, corpora
License
Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights. Copyright Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. See the individual resource for usage rights.
THE YOUTH OLYMPIC GAMES
Description
In 2007, the IOC passed a motion to create a dynamic and exciting sports event aimed specifically at the youth of the world.
OLYMPIC VALUES: Keeping the Amateurs Amateur.
Description
Given the financial clout of professional sport, it is little wonder that many athletes are tempted to turn professional after amateur wins. Boxing is perhaps the clearest example of a sport where athletes are faced with the fundamental amateur v pro debate: do they retain amateur status to live the dream of competing on home soil as Olympic boxers in the London 20102 Games, or take the tempting financial route of lucrative professional contracts and World Championship titles, with the downside of potentially entering the ring too fast than their experience and youth might ideally allow?
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
How we won the Bid
Description
For the British people, Wednesday 6th July, 2005, was a momentous and historic day. That was the day that Britain was awarded the right to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012. Such an announcement transformed the image of Britain as a nation capable of hosting large scale sporting mega-events.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Doping and the Games
Description
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is the international independent organization created in 1999 to promote, coordinate, and monitor the fight against doping in sport in all its forms.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Oscar Pistorius Vs IAAF
Description
South African sprinter Oscar Pistorius is a multiple world record holder and Paralympic gold medallist in the 100m, 200m and 400m Paralympic events. Pistorius, a double-amputee, recently captured the attention of the world in his landmark legal victory over the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
London 2012: Not Cultural Enough for a Cultural Olympiad
Description
Launched on 26th September 2008, the Cultural Olympiad is a four year programme of cultural activity that aims to inspire young people, and to welcome the world to Britain during Games-time.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Credit Crunch and the Games
Description
The economic crisis of 2008 affected the entire nation on both a macro and micro economic level. Kicked off by the sub-prime mortgage crisis of 2008, the global meltdown witnessed major financial institutions such as Lehman Brothers and Northern Rock break apart, dragging down global markets with them.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
The Economic Benefit of the 2012 Games
Description
’s bid to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012 the cost of the Games was estimated to be just over £4 billion. The costs were to be met by public sector funding of £3.4 billion, with a further £738 million from the private sector.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Sochi 2014: Politicisation of European Sport
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Women's Boxing: The Changing Face of Sport at the Olympic Games
Description
’s boxing into the Olympic Summer Games schedule for 2012 is, no doubt, a positive move towards furthering gender equality in sport.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
the Olympic Games 1908, 1948 and 2012
Description
The 2012 Games will continue the great Olympic legacy of London and Britain. We will now take a brief look back at the history of the Games in London.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
SECURITY: An Elite Anti-Fire System for the 2012 Olympics
Description
£1bn network of fire centres, powered by impressive IT systems costing a cool £2m.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Transport and the Olympic Games
Description
The most precarious aspect of the original London 2012 bid was a perceived inability of London to meet the transport demands of millions of sports tourists, athletes and officials that would be attending the Games.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
Participation: Aiming for History
Description
At only 16 years old, Achieng Ajulu-Bushell is set to become the first ever black female to represent Great Britain in a swimming discipline. Ajulu-Bushell has made the difficult choice to switch allegiance from Kenya to GB in order to achieve her personal best as a competitor at the London 2012 Games.
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England and Wales License,except where otherwise noted within the resource.
